Party Of Democratic Action (Kosovo)

The Party of Democratic Action (; abbr. SDA) is a Bosniak nationalist and conservative political party in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

History

The Party of Democratic Action (SDA) was founded on 26 May 1990 in Sarajevo, as a "party of Muslim cultural-historic circle". It was a realisation of Alija Izetbegović's idea of an Islamic religious and national party in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Many members of the Islamic Community in Bosnia and Herzegovina, including imams, took part in the party's foundation. Alija, who was chosen as its chairman, tried to resolve disputes between the Muslim nationalist Islamists led by Omer Behmen and the left-wing Muslims led by Adil Zulfikarpašić. The party has its roots in the old Yugoslav Muslim Organization, a conservative Muslim party in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Yugoslav Muslim Organization was a successor of Muslimanska Narodna Organizacija (Muslim National Organization), a conservative Muslim party founded in 1906 during the Austro-Hungarian era. The Muslim National Organization was itself a successor of the conservative Muslim "Movement for waqf and educational autonomy" (Pokret za vakufsko-mearifsku autonomiju) that goes back to 1887.

The SDA achieved considerable success in elections after the breakup of Yugoslavia in the early 1990s. It founded the newspaper '' Ljiljan''. The party remains the strongest political party among the Bosniak population in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

In November 2000, the party was defeated by the Social Democratic Party and other parties gathered into the "Alliance for Change", and found itself in opposition for the first time since its creation. After the 2022 general election, the SDA became once again the largest party in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The party has branches in Slovenia, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Croatia and the Sandžak region of Serbia. One of the goals of the party, outside Bosnia and Herzegovina, is to represent and defend the interests of Bosniaks and other Muslim South Slavs in the entire Balkan region. In Montenegro, the SDA merged with smaller Bosniak and Slavic Muslim parties to create the Bosniak Party.

The party is an observer member of the European People's Party (EPP).

Ideology

The Party of Democratic Action is the primary stronghold for right-orientated Bosniaks, especially for nationalists, and conservatives, and thus they have been described as national-conservative. The party has been also described as secularist by some researchers. Islamist ideologies exist in the party but tends to represent itself mainly among the elite apparatus of the party.Xavier Bougarel. "Bosnian Islam since 1990: Cultural Identity or Political Ideology?", Convention annuelle de l’Association for the Study of Nationalities (ASN), p. 3
/ref> The party supports the centralization of the government of Bosnia and Herzegovina. On foreign stances they also tend to be atlanticist and supportive of the accession of Bosnia and Herzegovina to NATO and the European Union."Party Politics in the Western Balkans" edited by Vera Stojarová, Peter Emerson
/ref>

List of presidents

Elections

Parliamentary Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina

ImageSize = width:900 height:70
PlotArea = width:800 height:50 left:20 bottom:20

DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy
Period = from:01/01/1996 till:01/01/2024
TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal
ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:1 start:01/01/1996
Legend = columns:3 left:40 top:75 columnwidth:90

# there is no automatic collision detection,
# so shift texts up or down manually to avoid overlap

Colors=
id:Coalition value:green legend:Coalition
id:Opposition value:red legend:Opposition

Define $dx = 25 # shift text to right side of bar
Define $dy = -1 # adjust height

PlotData=

bar:Govern. color:blue width:25 mark:(line,black) align:center fontsize:10

from:01/01/1996 till:22/02/2001 shift:($dx,$dy) color:Coalition
from:22/02/2001 till:23/12/2002 shift:($dx,$dy) color:Opposition
from:23/12/2002 till:12/01/2012 shift:($dx,$dy) color:Coalition
from:12/01/2012 till:31/03/2015 shift:($dx,$dy) color:Opposition
from:31/03/2015 till:25/01/2023 shift:($dx,$dy) color:Coalition
from:25/01/2023 till:end shift:($dx,$dy) color:Opposition

Parliament of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

ImageSize = width:900 height:70
PlotArea = width:800 height:50 left:20 bottom:20

DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy
Period = from:01/01/1996 till:01/01/2024
TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal
ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:1 start:01/01/1996
Legend = columns:3 left:40 top:75 columnwidth:90

# there is no automatic collision detection,
# so shift texts up or down manually to avoid overlap

Colors=
id:Coalition value:green legend:Coalition
id:Opposition value:red legend:Opposition

Define $dx = 25 # shift text to right side of bar
Define $dy = -1 # adjust height

PlotData=

bar:Govern. color:blue width:25 mark:(line,black) align:center fontsize:10

from:01/01/1996 till:12/03/2001 shift:($dx,$dy) color:Coalition
from:12/03/2001 till:14/02/2003 shift:($dx,$dy) color:Opposition
from:14/02/2003 till:28/04/2023 shift:($dx,$dy) color:Coalition
from:28/04/2023 till:end shift:($dx,$dy) color:Opposition

Presidency elections

Cantonal elections

See also

* Elections in the Party of Democratic Action
*List of Islamic political parties

Notes

References

Bibliography

*
*
*
*
*
*
*

Further reading

*

External links

*

{{Authority control

Political parties established in 1990
Islamic political parties
Bosniak political parties